Death, Mortality, And The Afterlife - 938 Words

Freud once said that death is inevitable and yet inconceivable. The idea of death, mortality, and afterlife has been a question for the human race since the beginning of time. Throughout time and space these ideas have changed and have been modified according to their own views depending in what region they were born in and the time period. To look at what has changed over the periods we have to look at our history starting with writings like the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Hebrew texture, the Bible and many more stories both historical and religious. All trying to answer the same questions regarding death, mortality and the afterlife. There are 5 immortality narratives that define the human process staying alive, resurrection, soul, a legacy, and wisdom. One of the most historical books that we have of early era is Epic of Gilgamesh. The concept of death, mortality and the afterlife are all the major themes of the book. Gilgamesh who is not fearful of death in his youth and even considers a good death realized that he was not going to be remembered, goes out to make himself immortal with is friend Enkidu. After a battle his best friend Enkidu gets hurt and dies which makes Gilgamesh broken and afraid of death. After Enkidu’s death Gilgamesh goes out to find eternal life but at the end realizes that the only way to stay alive forever is to do good things in life and leave a make on the world and for Gilgamesh it was the walls of Uruk. So the basic view of the Sumerians was thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Because I Could Not Stop for Death Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pageswhere regular themes include death and mortality. One such poem that exemplifies her â€Å"dark side† is, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death†. In this piece, Dickinson tells the story of a soul’s transition into the afterlife showing that time and death have outright power over our lives and can make what was once significant become meaningless. While we now know this poem as â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death†, it was originally an untitled piece. After Dickinson’s death, her younger sister LaviniaRead MoreDeath, Morality, And The Afterlife919 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea the death, morality, and the afterlife have gradually changed through history. Death has an unavoidable and unpredictable nature. The conceptualization of death and what happens to a person when they die is perplexing to understand. Humans tend to fear the things in which they cannot begin to explain. No one person exactly knows for sure what to expect once they leave this world. So, we have established religion and science in an attempt to allow us to wrap our heads around this idea. EventuallyRead MoreTheme Of Death In Hamlet969 Words   |  4 Pagesstory of a great tragedy in which death is the permeating idea and connective thread. Through the experiences of Hamlet, Shakespeare is able to explore the complexities of life and dea th. Following the murder of his father, Hamlet seeks to avenge his death in the process of defining the meaning of his own life within himself. In the process of reaching complete madness, Hamlet both contemplates his own death, experiences the death of those closest to him, and causes death. From these experiences, he furtherRead MoreLife After Death962 Words   |  4 Pages∙ Life after death can neither be proved nor disproved. This is because one would have to undergo physical death in order to prove or disprove it (and by its very nature, disproving it would not be possible). This is in contrast to something like astrology where one could undertake a study of people born at the same time and evaluate their personality traits and life outcomes at a later time to see if there is any correlation with time of birth. There is no actual direct evidence against anRead MoreSymbolism in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry918 Words   |  4 Pagesbe known that different people could see poems in many different ways. In Emily Dickinson’s poetry, she uses interpretations that refer back to mortality because of her past experiences throughout life that influenced her to write. But, there are other hidden facts that you would be able to see Dickinson’s poems, she uses symbolism of immortality, death, sorrow and personification throughout the three poems that I will be discussing in the following paragraphs. She describes each meaning to onlyRead MoreDeath : The Grim Reaper1094 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone is a little afraid of death. It is one of the radical subjects that marks around humanity. Death is a horrific subject to fathom, but let’s face it, our time will come soon. The unanswered questions include: What happens when you die? Does it hurt? Do you go anywhere? Does it all just go dark? Is there an afterlife? To try and understand death, the Grim Reaper have personified it in an effort to try and deduce insight into the process. Everything about the Grim Reaper is instilled withRead MoreThe And Of The Tolkien s Magnum Opus 1584 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermine whether or not her work is worthy of pertaining to the western canon. Also, I will describe the implications of her novels on the platonic worldview according to Rowling’s use of the themes of death and the afterlife. Additionally, I will be relating Rowling’s utilization of both death and the after life to that of Tolkien and Lewis in order to analyze its causation of arousing hope and setting justice. The novels crafted by Tolkien and Lewis seeks not only to entertainRead MoreWit and Donne1587 Words   |  7 Pagesof death and love. When these texts are studied together it is evident through continual intertextual reference that Donne has heavily influenced the play Wit. Although the texts differ contextually, with Donne’s 17th Century poetry and Edson’s 20th Century script writing, their contextual connections allow an enriched understanding of both the texts. Death is conveyed to a large extent within Donne’s poems of Holy Sonnets. As with many poets in the Renaissance area Donne was obsessed death. HeRead MoreAnalysis Of Gaius Valerius Catullus s The Iliad 1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe one main difference between the gods and mortals is that mortals can die, making it difficult for a man to become truly god-like. Homer makes no mention of the afterlife in The Iliad, meaning that the only true way for a mortal to live on is through the remembrance of their life on earth. Many strive for immortality, but to achieve it, one must obtain Kleos, the glory a man receives in war. If a hero like Achilles or Hector were mentioned to someone today, chances are, the person would know whoRead MoreTheme Of Mortality In The Epic Of Gilgamesh1220 Words   |  5 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh: A Hero’s Journey Several themes are addressed throughout the Epic of Gilgamesh, but the most prominent lies within the confrontation and acceptance of mortality. Gilgamesh—king of Uruk, ambitious builder, and bravest of mercenaries—seems to be blessed by a combination of two-thirds godliness and one-third manliness, yet plagued by his very own immoderation and naivety. The hero is witnessed engaging in the molestation of his women and exhausting Uruk’s people with manual labor

The Ancient Egyptian Style Of Ancient Egypt - 1351 Words

FNAR 200 Professor Heer 23 November 2015 KING NARMERS PALETTE The civilization of Ancient Egypt thrived from approximately 3100 bce until 30 bce, when the Roman Empire took control of the province. Unlike other ancient societies, however, where art would evolve and chance with new influences, the art of Ancient Egypt tends to look extremely similar for the entirety of those 300 years. The classical Egyptian style of art begins in the first dynasty, which is often considered to be ruled under King Narmer. The Narmer Palette (Fig. 1) is one of the most influential pieces of ancient Egyptian art for this very reason, as it portrays the joining of Upper and Lower Egypt into one solid empire that would continue to thrive for years to come at the fault of King Narmer. Unlike the art of prehistoric Egypt, dynastic art tends to focus on kingship and portraying the king as the sole ruler and most important figure in the civilization. Because of the powerful themes on both sides of the palette, the Narmer Palette has emerged as one o f the most crucial pieces of artwork from early Egypt as it represents the joining of the prehistoric past of the civilization and the pharaonic dynasty that was beginning to emerge. King Narmer is considered by historians to be the first pharaoh of unified Egypt. It is suggested that during his rule, he was responsible for uniting the former Upper and Lower Egypt to form one strong central Egypt, of which he became king. His kingship initiated theShow MoreRelatedAncient Egyptian Art And Art907 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egyptian art is painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts constructed by the civilization of ancient Egypt in the lower Nile River from 3000 BC. Ancient Egyptian artist tried to idealize the universe, not as it actually existed, but more enduring and lasting symbols. They tended to portray life and people as they wished them to be and not how they actually are. 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A great portion of the time, the art hasRead MoreAncient Greek Architecture : The Doric Style And The Ionic Design Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesThere are three types of co lumns found in ancient Greek architecture but two of the three columns are: The Doric style and the Ionic design The Doric style is rather sturdy and its top (the capital), is plain. This style was used in mainland Greece and the colonies in southern Italy and Sicily. The Ionic style is thinner and more elegant. Its capital is decorated with a scroll-like design (a volute). This style was found in eastern Greece and the islands. 2). The ushabti (also called shabti or shawabtiRead MoreFormal and Ekphrasis Analysis Of The palette of King Narme Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesThe horned anamorphic beings heads are illustrated in an unusual front angle, instead of the usual, Egyptian profile art style of illustrating heads, and faces. The animals heads are drawn from the front, which is rather uncharacteristic of later Egyptian art(The Ancient Egypt Site. The Ancient Egypt Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 11Feb. 2014.). The Narmer Palette shows slight alterations of style from other works of art from that era. Within the carving itself, Narmer is illustrated, and positionedRead MoreHistorical Characteristics Of Ancient Egypt Essay1299 Words   |  6 Pagesmolded by the location of the civilization is Egypt. Egypt is located in Northern Africa and is surrounded by and impacted by the Sahara Desert, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and running through the civilization is the Nile River. These geographical characteristics play a vital role in the development of the politics, religion, and architecture of the ancient Egypt civilization. Before explaining the developments of these disciplines of ancient Egypt, these geographical characteristics and theirRead MoreThe Ancient Egyptian Pyramids : The Seven Wonders Of The World1206 Words   |  5 PagesThe Egyptian Pyramids The seven wonders of the world: the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Statue of Zeus at Olympia, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Colossus of Rhodes, and of course, the Great Pyramids of Giza. (telegraph.co.uk) The Great Pyramids of Giza, built between 2584 and 2561 B.C, are located twelve miles from the capital of egypt, Cairo. (ancient.eu) They were the tallest man made structures in the world for 3800 yearsRead MoreAccording to the modern researchers, the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations likely seem very1200 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the modern researchers, the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations likely seem very similar. They had cities, a relatively high standard of living, music, arts , religion, writing, and literature.They both developed at the same time . However, they differed in important and some different ways, especially in terms of culture, politics, religion, art and architecture. Also, they have the geography which is their located differently. Egypt lies on the fertile Nile River valley , and desertRead MoreEssay about Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece903 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece† According to history there existed two of many important ancient civilizations that left a significant mark in the history of human development that even today leaves modern society in awe of its greatness. In spite of being distant civilizations, Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece share similarities and difference in terms of how they practiced religion,political structure, everyday life style, and how they built the monumental architectures that continued to amaze

Data Analysis for Decision Makers

Question: Discuss about the inferential statistics of continuous random variables. Answer: Introduction The price of any house is an important factor in the daily life. Every people have a desire to purchase his or her own house at a certain point of time. This purchase of the house mainly depends on the price of the house (Gelman et al. 2014). The price of the house is influenced by various factors. Data had been collected on surveying the houses of Singapore. Data for 50 samples were collected. Various factors of the house were also surveyed. These data would be subjected to various statistical methods. Discrete variables, continuous variables and categorical variables have been used in this data set (Ott and Longnecker 2015). Explanations of various statistical terms would be given in this assignment with the help of the given data set. Graphs and charts would represent the data more precisely. Discussion Descriptive statistics The data consist of both discrete and continuous variables. The price of the house, the distance from the house from its nearest railway station, the distance of the house from the nearest bus stop and the distance of the house from the nearest shop are all continuous variables. It was seen that the average price of the selected houses was $788580. This is calculated by dividing the total price of all the houses with the number of houses chosen for the experiment. The median of the price of the house was $778000 (Thomson and Emery 2014). The minimum value of the chosen houses found to be $310000 while the maximum price was $1354000. The range of the price of the chosen houses was $104400. The standard deviation of the price of house is $280708 while the variance was found to be $78797064.9 (Menke 2012). The standard deviation is calculated by the square root of the sum of the deviation of the prices from the mean divided by number of samples chosen. The variance is calculated by squa ring the standard deviation. Variance gives the amount of deviation of the samples from its mean value. The average of other continuous variables is given as follows. The average distance of the houses from the nearest railway station is 1.086 kilometres while the average distance from the nearest bus stop is 1.186 kilometres and the average distance from the nearest shop is 0.99 kilometres (Bazeley and Jackson 2013). The median of the distance from nearest railway station is 1.1kilometres, from the nearest bus stop is 1.25 kilometres and from the nearest shop is 1.1 kilometres. The minimum distance of the houses from all the three cases was 0.1 kilometres while the maximum distance of the houses from the nearest railway station is 2.100 kilometres, from the nearest bus stop is 2.700 kilometres and from the nearest shop is 1.900 kilometres. The range of the distance from the nearest railway station, nearest bus stop and nearest shop is 2 kilometres, 2.6 kilometres and 1.8 kilometres respectively (Dimaggio 2013). The standard deviation of the distance from the nearest railway station, n earest bus stop and nearest shop is 0.58554 kilometres, 0.76798 kilometres and 0.54332 kilometres respectively. The variance of the distance of the nearest railway station from the houses was found to be 0.3428 kilometres, the variance of the distance of the nearest bus stop from the houses was found to be 0.5898 kilometres and the variance of the distance of the nearest shop from the houses was found to be 0.2952 kilometres (Twisk 2013). Figure 1: Graph of price distribution of the houses (Source: created by author) Figure 2: Graph of the distribution of distance of house from station in kilometres (Source: created by author) Figure 3: Graph of the distribution of distance of house from bus stop in kilometres (Source: created by author) Figure 4: Graph of the distribution of distance of house from shops in kilometres (Source: created by author) Discrete random variables and its probability distributions The discrete random variables for the data set are number of rooms, age of the house, area of the house in square metre, and number of bedrooms. These variables give the details of each of the randomly selected houses. The Poisson distribution can be used to describe these variables (Miles et al. 2013). Poisson distribution and the interpretation of the data set Poisson distribution gives the probability of the occurrence of a number of independent events in a fixed period. In this data set, considering the intervals of distances of the house from nearest railway station, bus stop and shops, the probability of the prices to be high in the intervals could be predicted. Prices are said to be high if they are beyond $1000000 (Woodward 2013). The probability of occurrence of such prices within the intervals of distances could be found from the data set. This would give an idea about how the distance of the house from its nearest railway station; nearest bus stop and nearest shop affect the price of the houses. The probability of occurrence of the high priced house in the distance intervals would give an idea whether factors other than influences the price of the house or not. Inferential statistics Inferential statistics is defined as the collection of data from its population and its measures. The collected data is used to find various measures of statistics. These measures include descriptive statistics, correlation, regression and hypothesis testing. When the sample size is greater than thirty, Normal distribution Normal distribution is a common continuous probability distribution in the theory of probability. Normal distribution is mainly used in natural and social science in order to represent the random variables whose distribution was unknown. Central limit theorem makes the use of normal distribution an important one. Central limit theorem states that when a large number of samples are drawn independently from independent distributions, the average of these random variables converges to normal distribution (Balakrishnan 2013). The curve of the normal distribution is a bell shaped curve and the probability density of the normal distribution is given as follows: f (x/ , 2) = (1/ sqrt(2 2)) e (x- )^2/ 2 2 ; where is the mean value of the distribution and 2 is the variance of the distribution. Reasons for normal distribution used in sampling distribution The commonly used probability distribution for continuous distribution is the normal distribution. According to the central limit theorem, it was seen that the distribution of large samples tend to normal distribution. This tendency of every variable to follow the normal distributions leads to the concept of using normal distribution for sampling distribution (Kleinbaum et al. 2013). Moreover, using normal distribution in sampling distribution helps in easy calculations of sampling distributions and this distribution is usually considered as the standard distribution for sampling distributions (Balakrishnan 2013). The basis for Inferential Statistics The basis of inferential statistics is the Central Limit theorem. The samples drawn from large population are used to estimate the characteristics of the population. The probable value of mean of the population can be guessed from the mean of the samples drawn from the population. The standard deviation and variance of the sample gives the probable value of the standard deviation and variance of the population (Boy-Roura et al. 2015). Inferential statistics helps to infer about the population using one or more samples from the population. Inferential statistics gives an idea about whether the difference between the groups of variables occurs by chance or they are real. The basis of inferential statistics is the assumptions that could be made about the populations from the selected samples. Inference could be drawn about the larger groups on studying the variables of the smaller groups (Ciarleglio et al. 2016). It is not possible to study the whole population, as it would be logistically impossible, too much expensive and time consuming. The method of sampling and inferences drawn from the statistics, helps to infer about the population in reduced cost, with great accuracy and more scope to yield information (Pineda et al. 2015). More attention can be given to each of the samples and the results could be more accurate for the sample statistics. The sample statistics would infer a better result about the population from which the sample is selected. Confidence interval Explanation of continuous random variable Continuous random variables are those variables who take all the values in a given interval. These random variables are defined as the possible outcomes of the random variables in a definite interval of real numbers (Zhai et al. 2013). Continuous random variables are uncountably infinite; i.e. they have too many possible values to list out as the possible outcome of any problem. Measuring of continuous random variable can be done with high level of precession than the discrete random variables. Explanation of a confidence interval The range of values that describe uncertainty by surrounding an estimate is called confidence interval of the values. A confidence interval is indicated by the endpoints of the intervals. Lower limit and upper limit of the interval gives the value of the confidence interval. Confidence interval also defines the range of values that most probably encompass the true value (Altman et al. 2013). Confidence interval of the statistic is computed in such a way that the interval have a specific chance of containing the value of the corresponding parameter of the population. Construction of the confidence interval Confidence interval of any set of data is constructed by first choosing its level of significance. The level of significance is indicates the true probable value of the data to lie in the given confidence interval. Confidence interval is calculated by determining the lower limit and upper limit of the data set. The z value of the test is found by using the level of significance of the test. This value is used to calculate the lower limit and upper limit of the confidence interval. The lower limit is computed by subtracting the product of z value and standard deviation from the mean value of the data set. The upper limit is computed by adding the product of z value and standard deviation to the mean of the data set. Thus, the confidence interval is constructed using the lower limit and upper limit of the test. From the result of the data set, it was seen that the upper limit of the prices of the houses of Singapore is 1707.2 and the lower limit of the prices of the houses of Singapore is 186.97. The interval (186.97, 1701.2) gives the confidence interval of the price of the houses of Singapore at 95% level of significance. Interpretation of the confidence interval Confidence interval helps to determine the probable range of values between which the values of the data set would lie. In the given data set, the confidence interval of the given data set is given as (186.97, 1701.2) at 95% level of significance (Siegmund 2013). This indicates that there is a probability of 95% for the values of the data set to lie within the interval of (186.97, 1701.2). This helps to determine the expected value of the population and the interval in which they would lie. Regression method The method of regression is used to estimate the relationships between the variables. There are two types of variables in a data set; dependent variable and independent variables. Regression methods help to determine the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables (Cumming 2013). The independent variables do not posses any multi co linearity. The method of regression helps to understand the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It also denotes how the value of the dependent variable changes with the change in the values of the independent variable. From the values of the data set, it was seen that the dependent variable is the price of the houses and the independent variables are the other factors. The regression equation is given as follows: Y = 1751.3982 86.5995x1 4.42955x2 + 0.099x3 119.1857x4+27.601 x5 79.134 x6 2.073 x7 34.833x8 + 3.1486 x9 This shows that the price of the houses is negatively correlated with number of rooms, age of the house, distance of house from station (km), distance of house from shops (in km), number of bedrooms and number of storeys (Altman et al. 2013). The slopes of these variables are negative and this indicates that the increase in the values of these variables leads to decrease in the price of the houses of Singapore. The variables Area of house (in sq m) distance of house from bus stop (km) and type of Kitchen has a positive slope and the value of the price of the house of Singapore would increase with the increase in the values of these variables (Ciarleglio et al. 2016). The regression equation is used to interpolate the values of the dependent variables using the values of the independent variables. Conclusion The values of the price of houses of Singapore had been subjected to various statistical methods. The factors that influence the prices of the houses of Singapore were also subjected to statistical methods of measures of central tendency and methods of variations. Confidence interval of the prices of the houses of Singapore had been calculated, which gave the 95% probability of the values to lie in the interval of (186.97, 1701.2). Regression analysis was done to understand the method of interpolation of the value of dependent variable with the help of independent variables. The assignment also gave an idea about the inferential statistics of continuous random variables. References Altman, D., Machin, D., Bryant, T. and Gardner, M. eds., 2013.Statistics with confidence: confidence intervals and statistical guidelines. John Wiley Sons. Balakrishnan, N., 2013.Handbook of the logistic distribution. CRC Press. Bazeley, P. and Jackson, K. eds., 2013.Qualitative data analysis with NVivo. Sage Publications Limited. Boy-Roura, M., Cameron, K.C. and Di, H.J., 2015. Identification of nitrate leaching loss indicators through regression methods based on a meta-analysis of lysimeter studies.Environmental Science and Pollution Research, pp.1-10. Ciarleglio, A., Petkova, E., Tarpey, T. and Ogden, R.T., 2016. Flexible functional regression methods for estimating individualized treatment rules.Stat,5(1), pp.185-199. Cumming, G., 2013.Understanding the new statistics: Effect sizes, confidence intervals, and meta-analysis. Routledge. Dimaggio, C., 2013.Introduction(pp. 1-5). Springer New York. Gelman, A., Carlin, J.B., Stern, H.S. and Rubin, D.B., 2014.Bayesian data analysis(Vol. 2). Boca Raton, FL, USA: Chapman Hall/CRC. Kleinbaum, D., Kupper, L., Nizam, A. and Rosenberg, E., 2013.Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Nelson Education. Menke, W., 2012.Geophysical data analysis: discrete inverse theory. Academic press. Miles, M.B., Huberman, A.M. and Saldana, J., 2013.Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. SAGE Publications, Incorporated. Ott, R.L. and Longnecker, M., 2015.An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis. Nelson Education. Pineda, S., Real, F.X., Kogevinas, M., Carrato, A., Chanock, S.J., Malats, N. and Van Steen, K., 2015. Integration analysis of three omics data using penalized regression methods: An application to bladder cancer.PLoS Genet,11(12), p.e1005689. Siegmund, D., 2013.Sequential analysis: tests and confidence intervals. Springer Science Business Media. Thomson, R.E. and Emery, W.J., 2014.Data analysis methods in physical oceanography. Newnes. Twisk, J.W., 2013.Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology: a practical guide. Cambridge University Press. Woodward, M., 2013.Epidemiology: study design and data analysis. CRC Press. Zhai, Y., Cui, L., Zhou, X., Gao, Y., Fei, T. and Gao, W., 2013. Estimation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in the leaves of different plants using laboratory-based visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy: comparison of partial least-square regression and support vector machine regression methods.International journal of remote sensing,34(7), pp.2502-2518.